Recently, the China Maritime Safety Administration received a confirmation letter from the Maritime Affairs Agency of the European Union. China's work on fulfilling the International Convention on Seafarers Training, Certification, and Duty Standards (STCW Convention, 1978) was approved by the Maritime Affairs Agency of the European Union. This means that China’s related performance work has been recognized by 29 European countries at the same time, which has created favorable conditions for China to sign a seafarers’ certification agreement with EU member states.

According to the relevant EU legislation, the Maritime Affairs Agency of the European Union is authorized to carry out this accreditation work on behalf of the 27 member states of the European Union and two observer countries.

From October 15 to October 24, 2012, the Maritime Affairs Agency of the European Union conducted a 10-day comprehensive assessment of seafarer education, training, examinations and certification work in accordance with the bilateral review and assessment plan of the China Maritime Safety Administration and the European Maritime Affairs Agency. . The China Maritime Safety Administration successfully completed the review work and gave feedback on the issues raised by the inspection and evaluation team in a timely manner. It was highly evaluated by the inspection team of the Maritime Affairs Agency of the European Union and verified the comprehensiveness and effectiveness of the implementation of the STCW Convention and its amendments in China. .

According to reports, the Maritime Affairs Agency of the European Union (EU Maritime Bureau) has already carried out this assessment on 41 States parties to the International Maritime Organization. Only some countries have been approved. At present, the number of foreign seafarers in China has rapidly increased from 30,000 in 2006 to 120,000 in 2013, making it the world’s second largest exporter of seafarers. The EU's recognition has opened the door to the European shipping market for Chinese seafarers and also marks the entry of Chinese seafarers into the ranks of internationally qualified seafarers.

"Gravity Die Casting. A permanent mould casting process, where the molten metal is poured from a vessle of ladle into the mould, and cavity fills with no force other than gravity, in a similar manner to the production of sand castings, although filling cn be controlled by tilting the die."

Gravity Die Casting

Sometimes referred to as Permanent Mould, GDC is a repeatable casting process used for non-ferrous alloy parts, typically aluminium, Zinc and Copper Base alloys.

The process differs from HPDC in that Gravity- rather than high pressure- is used to fill the mould with the liquid alloy.

GDC is suited to medium to high volumes products and typically parts are of a heavier sections than HPDC, but thinner sections than sand casting.

There are three key stages in the process.

1. The heated mould [Die or Tool] is coated with a die release agent. The release agent spray also has a secondary function in that it aids cooling of the mould face after the previous part has been removed from the die.
2. Molten metal is poured into channels in the tool to allow the material to fill all the extremities of the mould cavity. The metal is either hand poured using steel ladles or dosed using mechanical methods. Typically, there is a mould [down sprue" that allows the alloy to enter the mould cavity from the lower part of the die, reducing the formation of turbulence and subsequent porosity and inclusions in the finished part.
3. Once the part has cooled sufficiently, the die is opened, either manually or utilising mechanical methods.

Advantages

• Good dimensional accuracy
• Smoother cast surface finish than sand casting
• Improved mechanical properties compared to sand casting
• Thinner walls can be cast compared to sand casting
• Reverse draft internal pockets and forms can be cast in using preformed sand core inserts
• Steel pins and inserts can be cast in to the part
• Faster production times compared to other processes.
• Once the tolling is proven, the product quality is very repeatable.
• Outsourced Tooling setup costs can be lower than sand casting.

Gravity Casting Parts

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